Summit crater of the stratovolcano Pico do Fogo (2829 m), the highest peak of Cape Verde and West Africa, and the second highest of Macaronesia. This crater last erupted in the 18th Century, but still shows some hydrothermal activity. A massive eruption in 1680 resulted in depopulation of the island due to the ash cover making agriculture temporarily impossible. Recent eruptions took place at secondary craters.